The high resolution of NLS devices such as the Biophilia Tracker allows this method to reveal not only morphological damage but also information about the degree of degeneration of the disc. Intervertebral disc degeneration leads to tissue dehydration, resulting in a gradual reduction in the disc space and increased colorimetric activity in the imaging signal. The latter is related to changes in the proteoglycan structure of the disc; however, it is not caused by an absolute change in water content. Decreased disc height leads to the disappearance of the boundary between the nucleus pulposus and the annulus fibrosus. As the degree of degeneration increases, fine, fluid-filled fissures appear; these are detected as linear areas of high pigmentation. Calcification may later occur in the degenerated disc.

We can pick out (without highlighting specific topics):

1) Disc herniation – The displaced disc (nucleus pulposus) extends beyond the annulus fibrosus, with microcracks appearing on its exterior, but without perforation;

2) Disc prolapse – Part of the disc protrudes through the annulus fibrosus and into the epidural space;

3) Disc necrosis – The nucleus pulposus material migrates above or below the level of the disc.

Typical changes in the bone marrow tissue near the degenerated intervertebral disc in a NLS-picture can be conveniently categorized into three types: vascular, fatty, and sclerotic.

Due to this, in most cases, a sufficient number of studies include the following examination: two-dimensional scanning of the sagittal and axial projections of the damaged intervertebral disc at the level of detected changes. Applying three-dimensional scanning to emphasize the lamina closure to detect its erosion and bone marrow tissue condition is practical.

The application of NLS-microscanning is significant for assessing the degree of deformation and contraction of the dural sac, as well as the condition of the dural infundibulum, to detect its deformation and dislocation.

Considering its non-invasive nature and lack of ionizing radiation, the NLS method can be used for dynamic monitoring of postoperative changes. To differentiate recurrent disc herniation from postoperative scarring, we use spectral entropy analysis. Mature scar tissue has a distinctive ghosting quality different from intervertebral disc tissue, which can be perfectly observed in SEA.

The Biophilia Tracker's rich database and powerful functions are highly regarded in the medical community.